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The surveillance of occupational disease has entered a new stage ofdevelopment, with the implementation of the national health informatization project. To improve the efficiency and quality of occupational disease monitoring information reporting in this paper, the system architecture and related management regulations, as long as the major changes and achievement of "surveillance system of occupational disease and health hazards information" under the framework of National Health Insurance Informatization Project were elaborated. The deficiencies existing in the system were analyzed, and expectation for the construction of the occupational disease surveillance system was addressed.
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Humans , Occupational Diseases , Occupational HealthABSTRACT
Objective: To understand the late reporting and the under-reporting of occupational disease from 2018 to 2020 in China and analyze the causes, so as to provide scientific evidence for improving the quality of occupational disease reports in China, timely acquiring the incidence of occupational disease, and assessing the occupational hazards. Methods: From May to December 2021, A total of 320 occupational disease diagnostic institutions were selected for investigation. The original documents of occupational disease diagnosis cases from 2018 to 2020 were compared with the online reported cases, and late reported and under-reported cases of occupational disease were analyzed. Results: A total of 32207 diagnosed cases from 2018 to 2020 were investigated, including 28934 confirmed cases and 3273 cases without occupational disease. The overall late reported rate and under-reported rate of confirmed cases were 20.2% and 2.1%, respectively. There were significant differences in the rate of late reporting and under-reporting of occupational diseases in different regions and different types of diagnostic institutions (P<0.001). The southwest region had the highest rates of late reporting and under-reporting, 61.6% and 7.9% respectively. The late reported rate of all kinds of occupational diseases was about 15.0%, and the under-reported rate was from 1.5.0% to 5.0%. Conclusion: At present, the phenomenon of late reporting and under-reporting occupational diseases is still obvious. It is necessary to strengthen the inspection of occupational disease reporting, improve the quality of occupational disease reporting, and provide scientific basis for the formulation of occupational disease prevention and control policies.
Subject(s)
Humans , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , China/epidemiology , IncidenceABSTRACT
Objective: The quality evaluation of herbal products remains a big challenge. Traceable markers are the core concept of the authentication of herbal products. However, the discovery of traceable markers is labor-intensive and time-consuming. The aim of this study is to develop a convenient approach to rapidly screen the traceable markers for herbal product authentication. Methods: Commercial Jing Liqueur and its 22 species of herbal ingredients were analyzed using HPLC-QTOF-MS and GC–MS to characterize nonvolatile and volatile chemicals. The acquired data were imported into MZmine 2 software for mass detection, chromatogram building, deconvolution and alignment. The aligned data were exported into a csv file and then traceable markers were selected using the built-in filter function in Excel. Finally, the traceable markers were identified by searching against online databases or publications, some of which were confirmed by reference standards. Results: A total of 288 chemical features transferred from herbal materials to Jing Liqueur product were rapidly screened out. Among them, 52 markers detected by HPLC-QTOF-MS were annotated, while nine volatile markers detected by GC–MS were annotated. Moreover, 30 of these markers were confirmed by comparing with reference standards. A chemical fingerprint consisting of traceable markers was finally generated to ensure the authentication and quality consistency of Jing Liqueur. Conclusion: A strategy for rapid discovery of traceable markers in herbal products using MZmine 2 software was developed.
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Scutellariae Radix(Huangqin) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) used for the treatment of clearing heat in clinical application. It is bitter-cold by using directly, but the bitter-cold property can be relieved after wine-frying. The study of taste changes before and after wine-frying of Scutellariae Radix is of great significance in identifying Scutellariae Radix and wine-processed Scutellariae Radix and clarifying the traditional theory of wine-processing. In this experiment, 10 batches of Scutellariae Radix and wine-processed Scutellariae Radix were prepared. The contents of 5 flavonoids were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), and principal component analysis(PCA) was performed with 5 flavonoids as variables. As a result, the contents were different in different batches of Scutellariae Radix, but Scutellariae Radix and wine-processed Scutellariae Radix could not be distinguished. Five sensory attributes(sour, salty, fresh, sweet, and bitter) were evaluated by artificial tasting, and the response values of 7 sensors(AHS, AHS, PKS, CTS, NMS, CPS, ANS, SCS) representing the taste of pieces were detected by electronic tongue. The correlation between sensory evaluation and response values of the electronic tongue were analyzed, and the results showed that the sensory evaluation of sour, salty, fresh, sweet, bitter and AHS, CTS, NMS, ANS, SCS sensors had different degrees of correlation, indicating that the electronic tongue technology can be used as an alternative to artificial taste and can serve as a means for quantifying the taste, and it can be used to evaluate the taste of TCM pieces. The taste method was used to analyze the response values of the electronic tongue, and the results showed that the bitterness of wine-processed Scutellariae Radix decreased and the salty taste increased. PCA was used to analyze taste changes before and after wine-processed Scutellariae Radix, and the results showed that taste differences between 2 pieces were divided into 2 categories. PCA loading scattering plots showed that response of saltiness and bitterness were the major factors to affect overall taste in Scutellariae Radix and wine-processed Scutellariae Radix. Based on electronic tongue response values, the Fisher discriminant model for Scutellariae Radix and wine-processed Scutellariae Radix was established, which showed that it could effectively discriminate them with a recognition rate of 100%. The experimental results showed that the electronic tongue combined with multivariate statistical analysis can be used to evaluate taste of TCM, at the same time, it could provide a fast and simple method for identifying different processed products.
Subject(s)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Scutellaria baicalensis , Taste , WineABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore a novel method for fabricating removable partial dentures (RPDs) using polyetheretherketone (PEEK) by computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technologies and to evaluate their fits for different assemblies in vitro.@*METHODS@#A standard stone cast of mandibular partial edentulous jaw was scanned using a lab scanner. Based on the digital cast, thirteen complete RPDs were designed combing dental CAD software and reverse engineering software, and then fabricated using PEEK by milling machine. Fits of assemblies were evaluated quantitatively by measuring the spaces between RPDs and casts. The gaps between RPDs and stone casts in different assemblies were duplicated using light-body silicone impression material and then measured using three-dimensional (3D) digital analysis methods in virtue of a dedicated software. Statistically, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the difference of gaps among assemblies in different shapes such as occlusal rest, denture base, and major connector. Paired-samples t test was used to compare the gaps difference for the similar shape assemblies in different areas.@*RESULTS@#One-piece PEEK RPDs were successfully designed and fabricated by CAD/CAM, and all the RPDs were well-seated on stone casts. The gaps between occlusal rests and casts [(84.3±23.6) μm] were significantly larger than those of denture bases [(32.5±27.8) μm] and major connectors [(49.9±47.0) μm], which meant that the fits of denture bases and major connectors were better than that of occlusal rests. However, the fits of all assemblies could be accepted clinically. For the similar shape assemblies in different areas, there were no significantly differences for gaps between distal extension denture bases [(25.1±55.3) μm] and non-extensive denture bases [(41.5±17.7) μm]. The gaps of occlusal rests adjacent and nonadjacent to the edentulous space were (86.1±29.8) μm and (80.8±42.1) μm respectively and there were no significantly difference between them either. These results implied that different locations had no apparent effect on the fits of assemblies.@*CONCLUSION@#With the computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology, PEEK can be used to fabricate one-piece removable partial dentures. And all assemblies of the one-piece PEEK RPDs showed satisfying fits in vitro, indicating a promising clinical application in the future.
Subject(s)
Benzophenones , Computer-Aided Design , Denture, Partial, Removable , Ketones , Polyethylene Glycols , PolymersABSTRACT
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is the internal environment of tumor. As a functional unit, the microenvironment determines the occurrence and development of tumors. Hypoxia, inflammation and immunosuppression are three major characteristics of TME. Hypoxia signals involve in multiple immunosuppressive pathway. There is communication among the gut microbiota, chronic inflammation and immunity. The three characteristics are associated with each other to form a complex network affecting the metastasis of the tumor. TME also influences the development of immunotherapy and efficacy of drugs in solid tumor. Therefore, it is important to identify the valuable biomarkers to predict disease progression, to elucidate the mechanistic networks in the microenvironment, to develop microenvironment targeting drugs and effective drug combination strategies to improve the drug efficacy. All of these have a profound clinical value.
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Objective To prepare a protein chip for the detection of serum antibodies against several peach allergen components, and to provide a rapid and reliable method for clinical diagnosis of peach allergic disease .Methods The coding sequences of six key peach components Pru p 1, Pru p 2, Pru p 3, Pru p 4, Pru p 7 and Pru p G were inserted into pGAPZαA yeast expression vector.Then the vectors were digested by endonuclease Avr Ⅱ and electroporated into yeast SMD1168 for protein expression.After peach proteins were purified, the protein chip was prepared and used to detect the antibodies against peach allergen components in serum samples from 41 suspected patients.The sensitivity and specificity of the protein chip were verified by comparison with ImmunoCAP method .Res ults The protein chip was prepared with these proteins for detecting IgE antibodies in serum samples against these four peach allergen components.The results showed that the sensitivity of the protein chip to Pru p 1, Pru p 3 and Pru p 4 was 40%, 100%and 100%, and the specificity was 100%, 50%and 100%respectively.The total sensitivity and specificity was 86%and 96%respectively.Six serum samples from peach allergy patients were identified Pru p7 antibody positive by the protein chip.Co nclusions The sensitivity and specificity of the protein chip is comparable to ImmunoCAP.It needs less serum and so to be a potential method for the clinical diagnosis of peach allergenic disease after optimization.
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AIM: To comparatively analyze the application of laser confocal microscopy and corneal smear in the diagnosis of fungal keratitis.METHODS: Totally 77 patients (77 eyes) diagnosed as fungal keratitis were selected.Laser confocal microscopy and corneal smear examination were performed to observe the characteristics of the images, and the detection rate of fungus were compared between the two methods.RESULTS: Of the 77 patients, 66 eyes (86%) were positive and 11 eyes were negative detected by laser confocal microscopy;51 eyes (66%) were positive and 26 eyes were negative detected by corneal smear examination, the difference was statistically significant compared between two group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Laser corneal confocal microscopy is relatively safe and sensitive.If combined the application of laser corneal confocal microscopy and corneal smear examination in clinical, the diagnosis rate of fungal keratitis may be improved.
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Objective To investigate the optimal scheme about the external loading of resetting tensile stress for clavicular fractures, so as to provide some mechanical references for optimal design of external fixators for clavicular fractures. Methods The shoulder CT scanning data from a volunteer were used to establish the three-dimensional model of human left shoulder by Mimics software. In order to better simulate the actual human shoulder, the ligament tissues were added in the model and the constraints of muscles were considered, and the experimental model for simulation analysis on resetting tensile stress was established. By 3 simulation experiments, the impacts from directions of resetting tensile stress, positions of action points and value ranges were simulated and analyzed, respectively. The resetting tensile stresses obtained from clavicle of the shoulder model under various external loading cases were simulated by orthogonal test methods. Results When the (angle between the horizontal plane projection of shoulder force which was loaded by external fixator and the coronal axis ) was greater than 45°, clavicle could obtain the resetting tensile stress, which became greater with the angle increasing. When (angle between the sagittal plane projection of shoulder force which was loaded by external fixator and the sagittal axis) was 30°-45°, the resetting tensile stress of clavicle was the maximum. The farther the position on which the loads from external fixator was exerted from the horizontal position of clavicle, the larger the resetting tensile stress of clavicle was. Conclusions The results of orthogonal test show that the optimal resetting tensile stress is produced with parameter combination of θ=65°, η=50°, acting on the center of humerus head of the shoulder
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Objective To investigate the optimal scheme about the external loading of resetting tensile stress for clavicular fracture,so as to provide some mechanical references for optimal design of external fixators for clavicular fracture.Methods The shoulder CT scanning data from a volunteer were used to establish the three-dimensional model of human left shoulder by Mimics software.In order to better simulate the actual human shoulder,the ligament tissues were added in the model and the constraints of muscles were considered,and the experimental model for simulation analysis on resetting tensile stress was established.By 3 simulation experiments,the impacts from directions of resetting tensile stress,positions of action points and value ranges were simulated and analyzed,respectively.The resetting tensile stresses obtained from clavicle of the shoulder model under various external loading cases were simulated by orthogonal test methods.Results When the θ (angle between the horizontal plane projection of shoulder force which was loaded by external fixator and the coronal axis) was greater than 45°,clavicle could obtain the resetting tensile stress,which became greater with the angle θ increasing.When η (angle between the sagittal plane projection of shoulder force which was loaded by external fixator and the sagittal axis) was 30°-45°,the resetting tensile stress of clavicle was the maximum.The farther the position on which the loads from external fixator was exerted from the horizontal position of clavicle,the larger the resetting tensile stress of clavicle was.Conclusions The results of orthogonal test show that the optimal resetting tensile stress is produced with parameter combination of θ =65°,η =50°,acting on the center of humerus head of the shoulder.
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Objective To investigate the optimal scheme about the external loading of resetting tensile stress for clavicular fracture,so as to provide some mechanical references for optimal design of external fixators for clavicular fracture.Methods The shoulder CT scanning data from a volunteer were used to establish the three-dimensional model of human left shoulder by Mimics software.In order to better simulate the actual human shoulder,the ligament tissues were added in the model and the constraints of muscles were considered,and the experimental model for simulation analysis on resetting tensile stress was established.By 3 simulation experiments,the impacts from directions of resetting tensile stress,positions of action points and value ranges were simulated and analyzed,respectively.The resetting tensile stresses obtained from clavicle of the shoulder model under various external loading cases were simulated by orthogonal test methods.Results When the θ (angle between the horizontal plane projection of shoulder force which was loaded by external fixator and the coronal axis) was greater than 45°,clavicle could obtain the resetting tensile stress,which became greater with the angle θ increasing.When η (angle between the sagittal plane projection of shoulder force which was loaded by external fixator and the sagittal axis) was 30°-45°,the resetting tensile stress of clavicle was the maximum.The farther the position on which the loads from external fixator was exerted from the horizontal position of clavicle,the larger the resetting tensile stress of clavicle was.Conclusions The results of orthogonal test show that the optimal resetting tensile stress is produced with parameter combination of θ =65°,η =50°,acting on the center of humerus head of the shoulder.
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AIM: To discuss the protective effects and possible mechanisms of quercetin in oxidative damage of human retina pigment epithelium ( RPE) cells induced by H2 O2 .METHODS: RPE cells were subculture, and they were divided into negative control group: cultured with normal culture medium;oxidative injury group:100 μmol/L H2 O2 treated for 12h; quercetin low dose group: 100 μmol/L quercetin incubated for 24h then treated with 100 μmol/L H2 O2 for 12h; and quercetin high dose group:100 μmol/L quercetin incubated for 24h then treated with 100 μmol/L H2 O2 for 12h. Cell viability were tested by MTT colorimetric detection, apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry, apoptotic cell morphology was observed by Hochest33258 staining, expression of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase ( SOD) and glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px) were tested by colorimetric detection. RESULTS: Quercetin inhibited H2 O2 - induced cell viability decreased in RPE cells, after treated with different concentrations of quercetin, RPE cells activity increased to (79. 67±4. 98)% and (83. 00±3. 60)%, which had statistical significance difference compared with oxidative damage group (48. 93±3. 39)% (P CONCLUSION:Quercetin effectively inhibited H2 O2 -induced RPE cells damage by improving cell antioxidant enzyme activity, which provide reliable experimental basis for the treatment of injuries in RPE cells.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore how to improve follow-up rate and follow-up quality in studies related to quality of life.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed in patients with rectal cancer who underwent primary surgery at the Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from August 2002 to February 2011 using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 and CR-38 questionnaires. The influence factors of follow-up rate and reasons for missing sex-related items were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 438 questionnaires were issued. Two hundred and eighty-five responses were received and the follow-up rate was 65.1%. Two hundred and sixty-two patients returned the questionnaires by mail. Responders and non-responders did not differ by sociodemographic and clinical characteristics including sex, age, postoperative time, complication, clinical stage and stoma. Significant differences were found when comparing the missing sex-related items grouped by sex, age, education and working status.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Follow-up mode of mail supplemented by interview is suitable for current reality in China in studies on quality of life. Targeted methods should be adopted when investigating the different patient groups to improve follow-up rate of studies on quality of life and sexual function survey.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Postoperative Period , Quality of Life , Rectal Neoplasms , Psychology , General Surgery , Retrospective Studies , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an animal model of lung injury in SD rats using intratracheal instillation of unknown polymer and to provide the base for exploring the molecular mechanism of lung tissue injury induced by occupational exposure.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred forty SD rats were randomly divided into seven groups, including the control group 1 which was exposed to normal solution, the control group 2 which was not exposed to any one and five treatment groups which were exposed to 1 ml unknown polymer (0.5 ml for each lung) at the doses of 40, 30, 20, 10 and 5 mg/ml, respectively by intratracheal instillation. The rats were sacrificed on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 10th, 14th, 21th and 28th day after exposure, then the lung tissues were examined pathologically and the blood bio-chemical analysis was conducted.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results of blood biochemical analysis indicated that ALT and AST levels in rats exposed to 30 and 40 mg/ml unknown polymer were significantly higher than those in control groups. Intratracheal instillation of unknown polymer can causes PLF in experimental animals on the 14th days after exposure. The results of pathological examination exhibited that the lung tissue injury in rats exposed to unknown polymer for 14 days or more was found and the dose-effect relationship was observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>An animal model of lung injury in SD rats induced by unknown polymer with intratracheal instillation was established successfully. The results of pathological examination showed that the types of rat lung injury were similar to the clinical lung injury after exposure to unknown polymer, which provided a base for studying the mechanism of lung injury caused by occupational exposure to unknown polymer.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Rats , Disease Models, Animal , Lung , Pathology , Lung Injury , Polymers , Toxicity , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The present study aims to investigate health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in disease-free survivors after radical surgery for mid-low rectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed in patients with rectal cancer who underwent primary surgery between August 2002 and February 2011 by use of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 and CR-38 questionnaires (n = 330). The impact of clinical characteristics on HRQoL were assessed and compared by univariate and multivariate regression analyses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two hundred and four effective responses were received. Patients with stoma were more impaired in HRQoL than those without stoma, especially in the field of social psychology, such as emotional function (M(50) = 91.67, U = 2668.5, P = 0.026), social function (M(50) = 83.33, U = 2095.5, P < 0.001), financial difficulties (M(50) = 0, U = 2240.5, P < 0.001) and body image (M(50) = 88.89, U = 2507.0, P = 0.013). Only in the constipation scale (M(50) = 14.29, U = 2376.0, P = 0.001), nonstoma patients had a better score. The analysis in different types of surgical procedure paralleled those of stoma. Patients with complication had a poorer function in some symptom scales such as dyspnoea (M(50) = 0, U = 1505.0, P < 0.001), gastro-intestinal symptom (M(50) = 6.67, U = 1766.0, P = 0.034) and financial difficulties (M(50) = 33.33, U = 1795.5, P = 0.044), and in some functioning scales such as emotional function (M(50) = 83.33, U = 1608.5, P = 0.009), cognitive function (M(50) = 66.67, U = 1612.5, P = 0.010) and body image (M(50) = 66.67, U = 1617.0, P = 0.012). In our study, HRQoL after rectal cancer surgery improved with time. Our multivariate analysis displayed that stoma and postoperative time were the most significant characteristics. Variables associated with worse financial status were less postoperative months, occurrence of complications and presence of stoma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Different scales of HRQoL in patients of China after curative surgery for mid-low rectal cancer are significantly influenced by different clinical characteristics.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Body Image , Cross-Sectional Studies , Postoperative Period , Quality of Life , Rectal Neoplasms , Psychology , General Surgery , Retrospective Studies , Surgical Stomas , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To study the effectiveness of direct amplification with PowerPlex 16 HS system for DNA detection in three conventional materials: fresh blood, oral swab, and cigarette butt.@*METHODS@#The genetic data of 11 samples of fresh blood, 10 samples of oral swab and 10 samples of cigarette butts were analyzed with PowerPlex 16 HS kit. The result was statistically analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Success rate of whole genetic map test in fresh blood and oral swab samples was 100%. Success rate in cigarette butt samples was 90%.@*CONCLUSION@#Direct amplification with PowerPlex 16 HS system is effective method to three types of conventional evidence material including fresh blood, oral swab and cigarette butt.
Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Stains , DNA/genetics , DNA Fingerprinting/methods , Forensic Genetics/methods , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Saliva/metabolism , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tandem Repeat Sequences , TobaccoABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the microscopic autofluorescent characteristics of cardiac cancer and autofluorescence distribution in different layers of gastric tissues.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A double-channel laser scanning confocal microscopy with Argon ion laser (excitation wavelength 488 nm) and Helium-Neon laser (excitation wavelength 543 nm) were used to detect the autofluorescence emitted from 16 surgical specimens of cardiac cancer and corresponding normal gastric tissue. The autofluorescence image was analyzed between the cardiac cancer tissue and normal gastric tissue.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Autofluorescence was detected successfully in cardiac carcinoma and corresponding normal gastric corpus tissues of all 16 cases. In different layers of gastric tissue, fluorescence presented the strongest signal in submucosa,the second strong in luminal propria with fluorescence mostly distributed in the glands, fluorescence signal from gastric cancer was significantly decreased compared with those in the different layers of normal tissues (P< 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There are significant differences in the shape, color, distribution and fluorescence intensity of microscopic autofluorescence between cardiac cancer tissues and normal gastric corpus tissues.</p>